Heat 1 tablespoon of vegetable oil in a large skillet over medium heat. Add ground beef and cook until browned, about 6-8 minutes.

Stir in garlic, salt, black pepper, cumin, and tomato paste. Cook for additional 2-3 minutes, then remove from heat.

In a bowl, combine melted butter and olive oil.

Layer phyllo sheets in a 9x13-inch baking pan, brushing each with the butter and oil mixture, about 5-7 layers.

Spread beef filling evenly over the top layer of phyllo.

In a clean bowl, whisk together milk, egg, salt, and black pepper. Pour over beef filling.

Cover with remaining phyllo sheets, brushing each with the butter and oil mixture. Aim for 5-7 layers on top.

Preheat oven to 350°F (175°C) and bake for approximately 50 minutes until golden brown.

Remove from oven and let cool for about 10 minutes before slicing.